What To Expect From A Male Brazilian

The man will be able to live without oil, is prepared to live without oil

Hydrocarbons (compounds formed by hydrogen and carbon ). Vary widely, from yellow and black, viscous liquid. These differences are due to relations between the types of hydrocarbons. is a non-renewable natural resource , and now also is the main source of energy in developed countries. This mixture of hydrocarbons appears generally associated with large bubbles natural gas in deposits who have been locked for thousands of years underground, covered by layers upper crust.




Its likely origin is in the accumulation of enormous amounts of debris prehistoric animals of marine and terrestrial plant. Over millions of years, mixed with sediments under the intense action of the compression and heat generated is transformed into oil and gas . This oil and gas, shift, happens to permeate rocks more porous and permeable and accumulates to form a pocket of oil, which often is between a gas bag and a bag of salt water. From there the oil and gas can be extracted by drilling and pumped storage prior to its refining .




According to this theory, oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons of high thermodynamic stability formed from non-biological sources of hydrocarbons located deep in the Earth's mantle. At depths of hundreds of miles of coal deposits are a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules. Lighter molecules, mainly methane, up through the pore spaces of the mantle. When this mixture passes through areas inhabited by primitive bacteria, it becomes an excellent food for them, who eat and become heavier hydrocarbons. It has been discovered microbial life to 4.2 kilometers deep in Alaska and 5.2 kilometers deep in Sweden . It has been discovered that microbial life Yellowstone National Park is based on hydrogen metabolism. They have discovered molecules of biological origin in many geological deposits of hydrocarbons, which are thought to be due to surface sources due to the difficulty of growing the thermophilic bacteria. These biomarkers, the more is known about bacterial chemistry, more are believed to be due to their action.




The geo-hopanoides, called the most abundant natural products on Earth, were believed to be indicators of oil derived from lichens and ferns, but is now thought to form by the action of various bacteria, including also the archaea. Some metals, especially the nickel and vanadium , but also cadmium, arsenic the the lead, the mercury , among others, are associated with oil and theory help mantle origin. Oil is extracted by drilling a hole on site . If the pressure of the gas bubble is sufficient natural force oil out through the hole that connects through a network of pipelines to its storage, transport by tanker and refining . During the life of the reservoir, the pressure drop and will need to use other techniques for extracting oil. These techniques include extraction by pumps, water injection or gas injection, among others. The technical and financial measure is a barrel of oil corresponding to 159 liters of oil.




chemical components oil is separated and obtained by distillation by process of refinement . From it are extracted various products, including: propane and butane , gasoline, kerosene , diesel , lubricating oils, asphalt , coking coal, etc. All these products, low solubility. Given the fundamental importance for the manufacturing industry and transport, the oil price increase may be responsible for large variations in local economies and creates a strong impact on the global economy.




The oil industry classifies crude oil by place of origin (eg, "West Texas Intermediate" or "Brent") and related to its density or viscosity ("light", "medium" or "heavy" or as graduation API, American Petroleum Institute), the refiners also classified as "sweet", which means it contains relatively little sulfur, and "acid", which contains higher amounts of sulfur and, therefore, will require more refining operations to meet the current specifications for refined products.



If extraction continues at the same pace as in 2002 Unless it is to find new deposits, the world's reserves would last approximately 42 years. It is estimated that there are tons unas143.000 billion. There are between 6.8 and 7.2 barrels of oil per ton, depending on the density and quality of oil. Therefore, oil reserves are estimated between 970 and 1003 billion barrels of oil.




However, the limits of the reserves could be even closer if one takes into account forecast models with increased consumption as has been the norm throughout the last century. New oil discoveries have declined dramatically in recent decades becoming untenable for long high current extraction levels not to mention that should be pursued to cater successfully to the thirsty Asian consumers. On the other hand, most major world reserves have gone into decline and only those of Middle Eastern maintain sustained growth but increasingly waning. It is expected that even these fields enter decline towards 2010 which will cause the entire world production decreased inevitably leading to greater energy crisis has ever seen the industrialized world.



According
Hubbert peak theory , updated with recent data by the Association for the Study of Peak Oil, the beginning of this decline should begin the year 2007 . The Hubbert peak theory, also known as peak oil, is an influential theory about the rate of long-term depletion oil and other fossil fuels . He predicts that world oil production will reach its peak and then decline as fast as it grew, highlighting the fact that the limiting factor for oil extraction is the energy required and no economic cost. Although still controversial, this theory is widely accepted among the scientific community and the oil industry. The debate is not whether there will be a peak oil but when it will happen, since it is clear that oil is a finite and non-renewable short time scales so that at one time or another will reach the withdrawal limit . This depends on the possible discovery of new reserves, increasing efficiency of existing fields, deep extraction or exploitation of new forms of unconventional oil. The exact year of peak can not be determined until it has happened. Based on current production data, the Association for the Study of Peak Oil and Gas (ASPO in English), believes that peak oil will occur in 2007 , being that of natural gas few years later. On the contrary, more optimistic estimates show reserves for at least 100 years.




This implies important consequences for developing countries that rely heavily on cheap oil and abundant, especially for transport the agriculture, the chemical and domestic heating. The theory is named after the geophysicist M. King Hubbert, who correctly predicted the production peak American with fifteen years in advance. Much of the oil industry and automobiles said Hubbert's theory is false or at least, the ignored and hidden. Some critics Economists say the shortages motivate the search for new discoveries and reserves will be increased above what Hubbert predicted. But even the most optimistic version of the limited oil resources put a deadline on the cheap extraction of that resource. Nobody seems to deny the existence of a production ceiling but few governments and businesses so far have mentioned openly. Among these include the American multinational ChevronTexaco who have launched recently, the advertising campaign to educate the American public of the need to react to the impending oil depletion . Also recently the English company Repsol-YPF has already spoken publicly at a conference of the issue using the same graphics of ASPO.




A not so apocalyptic scenario is a slower depletion rate and a slow transition to alternative energies which could cause a major slowdown in the economy, what is known recession or depression due to high energy prices. Historically there is a close correlation between the increases of fuel prices and economic downturns. The inflation is also linked to increases in the price of oil. Despite all economists disagree about the intensity and causes of this association. The world economy could become less dependent on oil than during the first moments of the crisis. In comparison, the recessions of the early 1970's and early 1980's were due to a relatively brief period in which energy availability waned substantially, the possible future of a rising real prices due to depletion of resources predicts a recession much deeper and longer than those experienced so far. See Energy crisis .




A decline in fossil fuels would also affect developing countries in the Third World unattainable as it would the claims of many of these nations have the comforts and high standard of living of United States and Europe . The pessimists believe that the limited resources exacerbate the differences and clashes between the rich north and poor south while others, more optimistic, they say that the problems would only be temporary as it gives way to the use of alternative energy.





A modest rise in oil prices generally stimulate increased fuel efficiency in transport. Some believe that this would delay and mitigate the impact of a severe shortage of oil. For example, some governments may order a minimum efficiency standard for automobiles. Change could also encourage other forms of transport were not directly dependent on oil. The electricity , in particular, can be generated from any number of different sources. This could encourage the use of transport such as railways , trams, trolleybuses and hybrid vehicles to the detriment of the media totally dependent on traditional fuels such as trucks, the cars and aircraft. For short trips of 5 to 10 km the bike could become the preferred medium for long journeys and the combination of bicycles and trains would be the most economical solution. Here



there is a contribution of:
Edgar Ocampo Tellez. Researcher in the area of \u200b\u200benergy and oil, Architect UNAM, 42, Mexico. Engineering-oriented project. Consultant, evaluation of the consumer market in Campeche. Basic engineering projects for PEMEX. Member of The Association for the Study of Energy Resources (AEREN). Writer of "Tribuna de Campeche," Ecology and Energy "," Energy Debate "and correspondent for Mexico's portal. With whom I maintain a close relationship of research and consultations on the World of Oil.




Pablo Ramírez T (PD)

Y Wing Pinewood Derby

The discovery of oil and gas to the northern coast of Cuba, and the U.S. This hunger for energy.

The potential discovery of oil and gas reserves in deep waters north of the coast of Cuba, U.S. behave in the same manner as in the Middle East Gulf, has captured the attention of the nations that are hungry for energy.




's state of India, ONGC, already signed a contract for exploitation in the area, has increased its participation in it, which is the latest bet in the race for oil in Cuba. Meanwhile, the trade embargo imposed by the U.S. to the island continues to prevent their companies from doing business with Cuba. Thus, some Observers are wondering if the U.S. can really afford to lose such important energy resources only 80 miles from the Florida Keys.



The project to exploit Cuban oil has attracted interest from several countries such as China, Venezuela and India and has led some politicians to ask you to soften the embargo against the island. What they seek is that American companies to bid to join the exploration, and also to relax environmental laws and allow them to drill in waters adjacent to the U.S. Others, however, insist that the embargo should remain unchanged to continue the pressure on Cuban leader Fidel Castro on human rights in Cuba. Promise



Gulf.



The portion of the Gulf of Mexico that belongs to Cuba was established in 1977, when it signed treaties with the U.S. and Mexico. A study by the U.S. Geological Survey published last year estimated that just in that area, north of Cuba, could be 4.6 million barrels of oil and 9.8 trillion cubic feet of natural gas. Cuba and split its 112,000 square kilometers of territory in 59 exploration blocks, which opened to foreign companies in 1999.



Initial results drilling tests and increased oil prices have combined to make the potential deep water reserves are a promising project. Six foreign companies have signed on to explore 16 blocks, according to Fidel Rivero, director general of the state-owned Cuba Petroleo, CUPET.



For example, the Canadian company Sherritt acquired the rights to four blocks and is already producing oil off the coast of the island, near Varadero. China is doing the same. The Indian company ONGC announced its investment in two blocks on Sunday, saying it represented an opportunity of "great discoveries." In May This year, the company agreed to a 30% stake in another joint venture with English firm Repsol YPF. The other 30% was taken by the Norwegian company Norsk Hydro.




Jorge Pinon, an energy consultant at the Institute for Cuban and Cuban-Americans at the University of Miami, said the involvement of Norsk Hydro, a leader in oil production, was significant. "It's a sign that the geology of the area must be extremely positive and a good chance of producing oil in commercial quantities," Pinon said the BBC. However, even if they are reserves of good quality he believes it will be at least five years before production can begin because there are really few platforms for deep water drilling.




This is a contribution from: Laura Smith-Spark BBC and you can continue reading at the following link

Flesh Colored Plugs For Black Ppl

Have we peaked? When will it happen? Oil will last less than a mortgage and Chile will be prepared for this energy crisis. FAQ

Have we peaked? When will it happen? Oil will last less than a mortgage and Chile will be prepared to spend this energy crisis or the same as education or road works. Because starting from Monday 13 June 2006 will suffer a higher fuel between 29 and 37 pesos per liter experience the price of fuel starting next Monday, an amount that's still depreciated by the Price Stabilization Fund Fuels, said yesterday the National Oil Company (ENAP). With these adjustments, the price of fuel would be around the 650 and 674 pesos per liter.


The era of cheap oil is finished. Growing consensus in the international community to start sooner than later, the fall in oil production. And with it the fear of an escalation in prices and an energy crisis and unprecedented economic.


Imagine a road without traffic jams, no noise, no accidents. A good picture? Or a nefarious? The question that now arises in the media the English company Acciona through an advertising campaign (on account of depletion of energy resources in general) is not the consequence of a previous unknown, and equally disturbing : Is Running Out of Oil?


The latest price hikes for crude oil, which have been even closer to the dreaded figure of $ 100 a barrel, have reignited a controversy relatively old. Of the dark future that awaits the industrialized countries, and with them the rest of the world, when production of the main source energy is beginning to fall hopelessly. Something that, according to some voices (perhaps many) may be occurring at this very moment.


The Hubbert Peak Theory, which has moved from books to everyday vocabulary of thousands of blog entries and dozens of houses in economic analysis, alerts since its creation in 1956 of where the point in time from which oil companies will not get supply of crude oil reserves are exhausted with the discovery of new ones. Or what is the same, the time when oil production begins to decline.


was devised by the geologist for Shell Oil U.S. market, collecting data from wells in the country, adding all the curves of extraction. For the United States, the facts confirmed the date: 1970. Acknowledged his success, Hubbert became a benchmark for subsequent years at the time to answer the question darker facing the planet: when will it happen?


But then ... we have reached the zenith?


The answer is unclear. Since then, Hubbert predicted that oil production globally would reach its maximum in the late twentieth or early twenty-first. And since then inevitably fall. But two decades up or down is a margin too broad, so imitating the geologist, nobody has dared to give an exact date. If until now the nagging question is solved by an ambiguous answer, the situation is beginning to change, and the debate becomes clearer.


are many studies claiming that we are in the peak years, although it is true that, for each report promises that global production will start falling soon, there is another who says that the discovery of new reserves and the development of new extraction techniques get the zenith delay or soften the descent.


think so the oil industry, represented in Spain by the English Association Oil Operators (AOP). His spokesman, Álvaro Mazarr, recalls that in the past, discoveries of new oil reserves have successfully expanded on the horizon, which placed mineral depletion.


And it should happen now: new technology and high oil prices make it available to the industry-and market-new fields, whose operation was previously thought impossible. This estimate, together with the calculation of the current reserves, allowing the AOP and other international organizations to venture that the world does not begin to see falling oil production until at least 2030 and 2040. Despite


this official position, you do not go too far to suppose actually points where the strategy of the major oil companies. So certify to this newspaper a senior operative of a multinational oil, recognizing that these businesses are already thinking of changing its business model, if not already done so. And recommends looking at the behavior of some of the largest producers.
"Get used to more expensive energy"


The consumer attends to the changing and companies like BP Global, which not only incorporates the image of a sunflower in your logo and leads its Internet presence with the heading "BP and sustainability, but also is becoming a very strong presence in the power generation market, especially in Spain, through its subsidiary, BP Solar, one day it might become a parent.


More indirect evidence of the decline. And global policy makers at all levels have launched some time more or less clear messages, such as "have to get used to a more expensive power" (David Vegara Secretary of State for Economics, in an interview with El Pais, 22 May), referring to the fact that the lack of global spare production will boost prices.


international press readers are used in turn for a year as the advertising campaigns undertaken by U.S. giant Chevron, entitled "Will you join us?" ("Will you join us?"), Whose ads can be read clearly: "One thing is clear: the era of easy oil is over. So let's start the debate: how to cover the demand of the world in this century and the next. "


Oil will last less than a mortgage.


"In this century" less than 100 years. And this is confirmed by Wenceslao Martínez del Olmo, senior geologist in the service of English oil company Repsol YPF Argentina, which in a recent article in "Madridmas", a scientific discussion led by the Community of Madrid, gives four decades to attend the final market for oil. Less than last and some mortgages.


"There are still reserves accounted for medium and light oil, so called conventional, on the order of 1,300,000 million barrels, which at the rate of consumption of 80 million barrels per day (30,000 million / year) would ensure 40 years supply, "says Martínez del Olmo, adding later that" some estimates (consumer) suggest that those 40 years will be shortened for the next 20, China, India, Asia, Russia and Africa will double the demand. "


What about the new reserves and new types of oil?


The great hope of the market is, as seen in the discovery and exploitation of new deposits, and the development of technologies to become commercial types of oil derivatives that were previously discarded. Problems begin: the number of barrels in reserves found keeps decreasing annually for three decades, and the size of which are now (especially those of Central Asia) will make enough even to cover the ever increasing demand.


on the "other oils" as those that are mixed with other rocks, its volume is too low in the total reserves (7,500 million barrels, compared to a total of 1,300,000 million) and its extraction is too costly to enable them to ease a crisis of production and the inevitable price hike.


Yet another balm more in the oil futures markets. Or had. Until recently, Saudi Arabia, the world-leading producer held the role of market shock, when demand soared, increasing production. But this is no longer possible because it has no free extractive capacity (produces 100%). This increases the volatility of the market, and any small crisis becomes a strong price.


To make matters worse, the opaque realm of the Persian Gulf says that under its sand dunes are the largest reserves of black gold of the world. The problem is that only Saudi Aramco, the state company, knows if this statement is true or not.


A half technical half economic book, "Twilight in the Desert: the coming collapse of Saudi oil and the global economy" ("Twilight in the Desert: The Coming Saudi Oil Shock and the World Economy" in the original) has become a best seller in all world. In it the author, Matt Simmons, a renowned expert in the energy sector and especially in the field of oil production, casts shadows on Saudi Arabia enough to doubt their ability to largely remain the world's oil pantry.


Oil can only go up.


Because if Simmons is right, the huge reserves of this country, the world's largest producer, would be neither as large nor as profitable as the Saudi monarchy sought. Even worse, by the geological nature of the oil fields where oil is removed too quickly, the site exhausted earlier. And according to Simmons, the archaic monarchy has been forced in recent times to deal with too much frenzy making machine petrodollars, strangling the goose that lays golden eggs. So the expert does not get tired of asking for more transparency in markets, to get to know the actual figures of production and reserves on the planet. Only then could know, at the global level, how much oil there is and where, under what conditions can be extracted, and above all, for how long.


The problem, if anything, is far from resolved with a simple date. Because it's not ascertain when the oil eventually, but above However, when production begins to decline and what the consequences of that fall. In a world that consumes 84 million barrels a day, and produces 84.5-just 0.6% more ", there is little to do but sit waiting for the price of oil soars in the next five years from the current $ 70 to well over 100. Or 200 if we pay attention to some analysts specializing in the energy sector. The potential economic impact of these prices are too important to disregard them.


This is a contribution of:

The electronic newspaper "El Pais, one of the most prestigious in Spain highlights this unique story on the oil, is great. I also suggest watching this video of the depletion of energy, excellent.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RcHulfNRpJU&search =

Edgar Ocampo



Pablo Ramírez T. (PD)

Solar System And The Planets Name In Hindi

customers that made his visit to the garage.

follows are answers to the questions most frequently made by clients during his visit to the garage, I hope these answers are useful for everyone.


What spark plugs are best?

The platinum last longer and have better spark and better combustion, resulting in better fuel efficiency.


Do spark plugs electrodes three and four are better?

Yes, because they last longer, are more efficient combustion, better power and fuel efficiency.


How long is a platinum plug?

Theoretically and ideally 160.000 km, but in practice it is recommended to change approximately every 80.000 km

When should I tune my car?

Every 10.000 km or 6 months or follow the manual.


When should I change engine oil?

Every 5,000 km or 3 months OrgánicoCada \u200b\u200bOil 10.000 km or 6 months Synthetic oil could be more.


When should I change the transmission oil?

Every 60.000 km or 3 years, luxury vehicles recent model does not change the oil because they use synthetic oil with special additives.


When should I change the cushions?

Every 80.000 km or 4 years


When should I change the tires?

Every 80.000 km or 4 years


When changing spark plug wires?

Every 4 years or 80,000 km


When to change brake fluid?

ABS Every year or 20,000 km and every 2 years or 40,000 km in conventional systems. The fluid should be changed because it is hygroscopic, ie absorbs moisture and generate deposits that can damage different parts of the system.


gasoline What is better?

The Premium has a better octane (97), is cleaner, more fuel efficiency, more power and better protects the oxygen sensor and catalytic converter.


What gas mileage should give my car?

4 cylinder about 10 Km./lto6 cylinders about 7 Km./lto8 cylinders about 5 km / lto


What brands of motor oil is recommended?

Mobil Oil, Chevron, Shell, Quaker State, Esso, Castrol, Penzoil.


Which is better: organic or synthetic oil?

The synthetic because for better lubricating properties, is more resistant to high temperatures and protects better at low temperatures, is cleaner because it generates less sludge and deposits, saving fuel, produces less friction, the engine lasts longer and allows more power.


What brand of car is better?

Asians have higher quality than the Americans and Europeans as the company's signature certifying Consumer Reports.


What to consider when buying a car?

What is OBDII, gas mileage, safety, ABS brakes, air bags, quality assurance and that suits your needs.


Before buying a used car (not new), what should I do?

Return it to your trusted mechanic or shop for an overhaul. This service costs approximately $ 20,000 pesos.


What is OBDII?

is a diagnostic system that monitors all sensors, actuators and systems of the vehicle and verify that all are within range and specifications. If a problem is detected and, the focus turns amber check engine to warn the driver of a problem and a fault code stored in computer memory to help mechanic to properly diagnose and repair faults quickly and efficiently.


What is the oxygen sensor?

is a sensor in the exhaust that monitors the air / fuel to inform the computer of the corrections needed to improve engine performance, fuel economy, drive protection and monitoring of the efficiency of catalytic converter. The oxygen sensor should theoretically last 8 years (160,000 km), but in practice it is recommended to switch to 4 or 5 years (100.000 km) and is exhausted and becomes inefficient.


What is the catalytic converter?

is a pollution control equipment (platinum, palladium, Rodium) in the exhaust pipe that converts carbon monoxide (CO) into carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrocarbons and water vapor reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx ) into nitrogen (N2) and free oxygen (O2), ie non-offensive gases. In the United States as guaranteed by law (EPA) 8 years (80,000 miles).


How often should I change the drive, it has a duration of 80,000 thousand kilometers to 120,000 thousand miles depending on type of car or fuel used in that vehicle.


How long an engine computer?

In the United States Environment Protection Agency (EPA) requires the manufacturer guarantee it 8 years or 80,000 miles.


What is EGR?

valve is the exhaust gas recirculation to control NOx gases, which generate O3 (ozone) which is harmful to health.


What is the ABS and how it works?

is the antilock brake system for optimal control of direction and stability under braking, regulates and controls the pressure in all four wheels through sensors, a hydraulic unit with solenoids and valves and computer / module Electronic brakes.

What is IAC?

is the valve that regulates the RPM low, climbs with a cold engine RPM and RPM to turn up for the climate.


What is a fault code?

is a number that represents a failure of any sensor or vehicle system and helps the mechanic to detect the problem area.


What is CAN (Controlled Area Network)?

is a universal communication protocol used in American vehicles, Asia and Europe since 2003 and mandatory in 2008. It is very fast (500 KPSS) and efficient in diagnosing fault codes with the help of scanner.

What is the scanner?

is a diagnostic tool to detect fault codes.


What are the major gaseous pollutants in Chile?

CarbonoSOx monoxide CO AzufreHc oxide particles HidrocarburosPTS SuspendidasNOx Total Nitrogen oxides

What is ozone (O3) at ground?

gas is harmful to health, is formed by hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sunlight.


Is my new vehicle warranty if I lose a service with an independent garage?

In Chile SI. In Europe and the United States did not lose the guarantee since by law the owner is entitled to keep your new vehicle serviced at any independent garage as long as this continues and follow the instructions, recommendations and specifications written by the manufacturer for maintenance the car.


catalysts have a limited shelf life that is directly related to the care given to the vehicle. The first vehicles with catalytic converter and should be changed two or three times the catalyst, but the perception is that there has been.


Now there is another item worth considering, and is related to the quality of replacement catalytic converters are available in the market. An example of this is that a generic or alternative catalyst manufactured in Germany costs about 250 thousand dollars in local trade and a Chinese alternative costs about 45 thousand pesos. Anyone can see that we are not comparing the same quality or not an item we will give the same result in efficiency and durability. Diagnosis


computer


When fuel injection engine vehicles invaded the market at the beginning of the 90's, also made the famous diagnostic computer. All that we have a vehicle we have heard this term, but do you really understand what the diagnostic computer?

Is it worth paying for a diagnostic computer? Do I need tuning for each service?

electronically controlled engines (fuel injection) have a central computer, a series of sensors and actuators. The sensors (temperature, flow, oxygen, etc.) Take information from the engine and some other systems and send it to the computer, it analyzes the information received, makes a series of calculations and tells the actuators (injectors, valve IAC) motor what to do. This activity occurs continuously from the moment you start the engine to shutdown.

As you can see it is a complex system that works extremely fast to ensure optimum engine performance.

When a device is not working properly the computer detects it and stored in its memory a fault code that is accompanied by a deficiency in the motor or the power of light "check engine."

When making a diagnosis by computer, connect an external computer or scanner directly to the engine computer and extract the fault codes stored. These fault codes are related to a device and using a manual engine in question can determine what the fault is present in the engine.

But then, when should I apply for a diagnostic computer?


If your vehicle has fuel injection and the light "check engine" lit or clear a fault, then it is advisable to perform a diagnostic computer. Otherwise, not worth the diagnosis. This is important to note that we refer to an engine failure. The computer does not is connected to systems outside the engine and suspension and therefore a suspension failure or other system than the engine can not be detected by a diagnostic computer.

Do I need a diagnostic computer on every pitch?



No. Many people associate the tuning fuel injection with computer diagnostics. The truth is that they are two different things and do not necessarily go together. Again, if your vehicle has a fault or is the light "check engine" light on, then it is necessary diagnostic computer tuning.

Does diagnostic computer always detects the engine failure?



No. In some cases the motor has a clear failure, the light "check engine" is not on and the vehicle's computer does not have any trouble code stored. In these cases must come from some other means to detect the failure.



This information is RECAVA engine and world records.



Pablo Ramírez Torrejón (PD)

Electric Pain In Elbow

What is the catalytic converter? How it works

During the past 20 years. The technological advances have allowed reducing motor vehicle emissions of about 95% of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon-free and 75% of nitrogen oxides. This is a clear example of joint development of automotive and refining industries, the first and perhaps most significant: the elimination of lead from gasoline and therefore the possibility to equip new vehicles with catalytic converters for treatment of exhaust gases with the consequent reduction in the toxicity of them. This design is completed with the addition of the oxygen sensor, enabling control and regulate the ideal amount of permanently air for combustion.



This report clearly detail how an engine pollution. Among the solutions studied worldwide to minimize the toxicity of emissions from the combustion of petrol engines have been developed: improvements in combustion chamber design and widespread use of catalytic converter system exhaust phases and Lambda probe. The term "Catalytic Converter" refers generically to a reactor installed after the exhaust manifold. It has a stainless steel housing that contains within it the "catalyst." Chemically active, supported by a ceramic hive covered with a buffer layer that protects it from shock.

This hive is made up of thousands of tiny channels (cells) through which pass the exhaust gases. The walls of these channels generate a contact area equal to three football fields. The formulation includes a number of active substances such as aluminum oxides, noble metals (catalytically active): Platinum, Rhodium, Palladium, and promoters or specific retardants, which increase or retard the catalytic action of the above, on certain reactions. Recall that we exhaust gases as pollutants, primarily three classes of compounds: carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and unburned hydrocarbons. The mechanism of action of three-way catalytic converter, so called because it acts primarily by removing these three pollutants in the same compartment, through oxidation and reduction reactions, transforms them into non-toxic compounds: Nitrogen, Water and Carbon Dioxide .



What is the catalytic converter? How it works

Today there are millions of gasoline vehicles circulating in the world and each is a source contamination. In large cities such as pollution from these vehicles can cause serious problems. To solve this problem the governments of some countries have established laws that limit the amount of pollutants that a car can generate, forcing the auto industry to find ways to make more efficient and cleaner engines. However, more efficient than a petrol engine is always generates a lot of pollutants, this is precisely what motivated the use of catalytic converter since it is a system that treats the engine exhaust gases before letting them free in the atmosphere .

Pollutants from gasoline engines

Modern vehicles carefully control the amount of fuel burned to reduce pollutants. computers maintain a vehicle air-fuel ratio very close to the stoichiometric ratio is the ideal relationship between them. Theoretically, if the relationship is exact and pure gasoline is all the fuel would be used to generate power, discarding only carbon dioxide and water.

The main emissions of a gasoline engine are:

Nitrogen (N2): 78% of air is nitrogen and this only happens on the inside of the engine without being altered.

carbon dioxide (CO2): This is a product of combustion. The gas carbon reacts with oxygen in the air.

Water vapor (H2O): Water is also a product of combustion. Hydrogen gas reacts with oxygen in the air to form water.

These emissions are not considered as contaminants even if the global warming of the earth is attributed in part to emissions of carbon dioxide.

all know that the process combustion within our engines is not ideal since fuel has certain impurities and is impossible to maintain an accurate air-fuel all the time. This causes the emission of these pollutants:

Carbon monoxide (CO) gas is a colorless, odorless poison that is generated by incomplete combustion.

Hydrocarbons (HC): Mainly residues unburned fuel inside the engine.
nitrogen oxides (NOX): It may be carbon monoxide or nitrogen dioxide. Is the cause of acid rain.

These are the three key pollutants a catalytic converter must be reduced.



reduces contaminants How a catalytic converter?

Modern vehicles are equipped with catalytic converters three-way referring to the three pollutants should be reduced (CO, HC and NOx). The converter uses two types of catalysts, a reduction and one oxidation. Both consist of a ceramic structure coated with metal usually platinum, rhodium and palladium. The idea is to create a structure that exposes the maximum surface of the catalyst against the flow of exhaust gases, also minimizing the amount of catalyst required because it is very expensive.

Reduction catalyst

The reduction catalyst is the first step of the catalytic converter. uses platinum and rhodium to reduce NOx emissions. When a molecule of carbon monoxide or nitrogen dioxide comes into contact with the catalyst, the nitrogen atom traps and releases oxygen, nitrogen atom then joins with another nitrogen atom and released. That is, breaks down the nitrogen oxides in oxygen and nitrogen which are the components of air and therefore are environmentally friendly.

Oxidation Catalyst

The oxidation catalyst is the second stage of the catalytic converter. This platinum and palladium catalyst for making hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) leaving the engine and reacted with oxygen engine is also generating carbon dioxide (CO2).

control system

A third step that monitors the engine's exhaust gases and uses this information to control fuel injection system engine. It has an oxygen sensor in the exhaust gases motor before reaching the catalytic converter. This sensor informs the computer about the amount of oxygen in the exhaust, with this information the computer can increase or decrease the amount of oxygen in the exhaust by adjusting the air-fuel ratio. The control system allows the computer to make sure the engine is running a very close to the stoichiometric and also allows you to keep enough oxygen in the exhaust to oxidize hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide.

This is a contribution of http://www.lubrimax.com.mx/recipes.ihtml?s=2&menvar=26



Pablo Ramírez Torrejón (PD)

Remote Control Helicoptor Sell In Mumbai

Tire and Asphalt two pollutant Gran Santiago de Chile.

Two major pollutants and highly dangerous Santiago , these pollutants are highly dangerous, they are the asphalt used for roads and patching, the other agent are subject to wear tires rub the wrong inflation or low speeds or have many vehicles in the fleet. Both agents have a characteristic in common use in the manufacture of petroleum products and rubber.


Chemical composition of asphalt and tires:

El asfalto es un material viscoso, pegajoso y de color negro, usado como aglomerante en mezclas asfálticas para la construcción de carreteras o autopistas . También es utilizado en impermeabilizantes . Está presente en el petróleo crudo y compuesto casi por completo de bitumen . Su nombre recuerda el Lago Asfaltites (el Mar Muerto), en la cuenca del río Jordán .

Además del sitio mencionado, se encuentra en estado natural formando una mezcla compleja de hidrocarburos sólidos en lagunas de algunas cuencas oil, as in the lake of Guanoco , the largest asphalt lake in the world ( Sucre State, Venezuela ) with 4 km ² and 75 million barrels of natural bitumen. Next in size and importance asphalt lake La Brea, on the island of Trinidad .

Despite the easy operation and excellent natural asphalt, is usually not exploited long since, obtained from the oil refinery byproduct solid in the "cracking" or fragmentation that occurs in the distillation towers, it is much economical to obtain in this way. It is similar to the procurement of gas, which is also a most undesirable byproduct in the process of obtaining gasoline and other petroleum products.


A tire, also known as cover in some regions, is a piece of toroidal rubber placed in wheels of various vehicles and machines. Its main function is to allow adequate contact for adhesion and friction with the pavement, allowing the start, braking and guidance.

The tires generally have reinforcing threads that. Depending on the orientation of these threads, are classified as bias or radial . The radial type is the standard for almost all modern cars.

The tire recycling is one of the first order problems for the environment . Today the industry have been renovated to significant advances in the process of new tire, achieving excellent rubber compounds that are reflected in the increased use of housing or helmet. But the secret in the renewed or recycling of the tires still up 80% of the care that is given in the first period of use. The main care they should seek in a new tire for this to have a renewed or optimal recycling are right pressure, good application and not exceed the load limits for which it was designed.

Tires and Rubber is the main compound.


rubber is a polymer of elastic hydrocarbon emerges as a milky emulsion (known as latex ) in the sap of various plants, but can also be produced synthetically. The main commercial source of latex are Euphorbiaceae, Hevea brasiliensis (Euphorbiaceae). Other plants containing latex, fig, euphorbias and the common dandelion. These have not been the main source of rubber, but when Germany was divided during World War II , made attempts to use such sources, before it was supplanted by the development of synthetic rubber.

Instead of origin, the central and southern America, rubber has been collected for a long time. Mesoamerican civilizations used rubber mostly from Castilla elastic. The ancient Mesoamerican ball game had where they used rubber bullets, and Pre-Columbian rubber balls were found (always in sites that were flooded with freshwater), the oldest about the year 1600 BC According to Bernal Díaz del Castillo, the English conquerors were amazed both by the great leaps that managed to balls rubber of the Aztecs , who wondered if the balls were enchanted by evil spirits.


The Maya also made a type of rubber shoe by dipping their feet into a latex mixture. The rubber was used in other contexts, such as strips to hold stone and metal tools to wooden handles, and padded handles of tools. While the ancient Mesoamerican were not vulcanization, they developed organic methods of treating the rubber with similar results, mixing the raw latex with various saps and juices of other vines, particularly Ipomoea alba .


In Brazil, the natives understood the use of rubber to make fabric waterproof. One story says that the first European to return to Portugal from Brazil with samples of such a sticker waterproof fabric, so impressed the people who were tried for witchcraft.


When samples of rubber first arrived in England was observed that a piece of material was good to erase pen writing on paper. This was the origin of the English name of the shoe material (rubber). Pieces of this material are still used for this purpose, and known as 'rubbers' (rubbers) in England, thanks also to the Americans, for whom a rubber is a condom (usually made of latex). (Americans call the piece rubber eraser.) Rubber tree initially grew only in South America, but after repeated efforts were successfully cultivated in Southeast Asian where it is now widely cultivated. More than half of the rubber used today is synthetic, but still there are several million tons of natural rubber annually.

Hypoallergenic rubber can be made from Guayule.

Recent experiments to create synthetic rubber led to the creation of Silly Putty ® (a silicone made for the amusement of children.) Natural rubber is often vulcanized , a process by which the rubber is heated and sulfur is added to improve its strength and elasticity. The vulcanization process greatly improved the durability and utility of rubber from the year 1830 . Some people use rubber as material for making clothing, perhaps on the basis that this type of clothing as a "second skin."

conclusion we can detect that the paving of the great Santiago has its environmental cost, the big culprit here is that passengers have a system of good quality, because if there were car users would walk in passenger transport is the subway or buses.

Here
contribution of the proper use of the encyclopedia http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portada

Pablo Ramírez Torrejón (PD)

Do I Have Signs Of Aneurysm

The MG will come from China. FORMER BRITISH BRAND WILL BE BROADCAST MOTORS IN SPAIN BY NAN

On February 10 Alfonso Saavedra, CEO of Sino China Automotive Group signed an agreement under which your company will distribute the MG brand cars in Spain. Saavedra and retrieves a brand that has already been responsible, along with the Rover brand when he was general director of Rover Group. Following the demise of this historic British automotive group, China's Nanjing Motors acquired all the assets of MG with intent to refloat it, what will happen later this year.

Nanjing Motors is building for this purpose, a production plant with a capacity of 250,000 cars per year. The start of construction took place last January, and is expected to be completed in October or November to the first MG "Chinese" leave the assembly line in December or at the latest, in January 2007. With this new plant in China Nanjing Motors has five vehicle factories, as it has to make a Fiat (Palio, Siena and double), another to build an older version of the Seat Ibiza, one third to joint venture with Iveco, and finally made one in their own vehicles, medium and heavy. This demonstrates the potential of the Chinese company, which is a guarantee of future for MG.

In this sense, Alfonso Saavedra said product objectives Nanjing Motors, and therefore the English company that runs (Nan Motors) are very ambitious. By December this year or first quarter of 2007 appear a redesigned MG TF and the MG 7 (based on the MG ZT.) In summer 2007 will be released on MG 3, based on the MG ZR. At the end of 2007 will see the MG 5, a completely redesigned vehicle to replace the MG ZS. This car will become the spearhead of MG in China because, as the MG ZS, will have a four-door body with a separate trunk. The marketing of GM in Spain is expected in first quarter 2007, when NAN MOTORS already has 60 dealers to cover all the English provinces.

Other Sino Automotive Group brands. Nan

Motors is one of the three companies for the time, form part of the Sino Automotive Group, since Alfonso Saavedra what dimension for the immediate future as a consortium of four or five brands, with their corresponding companies each. The first, made even before it was 1UE Sino Sino Motors Automotive Group, whose mission is to represent the brand in Spain India's Mahindra, leader in the SUV vehicle segment in India with over 40% market share. Besides Mahindra manufactured for Renault's Dacia Logan with RHD.

Sino Motors will market the SUV from Mahindra Gao May (will stand in Hall 7 Hall of Madrid), for which will have a network of 40 dealers. The goal is to sell in 2006 a total of 700 units, and 1,100 in a full year. The Mahindra Gao only offer a diesel engine equipped with common rail 2.6-liter, 110 horsepower, and will be equipped with air conditioning, central locking and 2WD or 4WD. Prices will range from 16,000 to 20,000 euros. The security of Mahindra vehicles will be two years without unlimited mileage. Sino Motors is building a parts center in the province of Guadalajara, although Mahindra already has a central important parts in the Paris area.

The third company is Dong Sino Motors Automotive Group, which sold in Spain and Portugal the products produced by Chinese automaker Jiangling Motors Corporation. In principle only distribute the SUV Landwing (old Opel Frontera). About the Landwind, which was recently discontinued in crash tests carried by the organization EuroNCAP ends with a pessimistic note, Alfonso Saavedra wanted to step out of the rumors that talked about marketing in our market a product as unsafe. He admitted that the Lanwind suspended in the subject of security, but said that in China and are solving the problem in order to export to Europe a vehicle with all possible guarantees of safety. And in that sense, said his company will market only Dong Motors suv Lanwind when that conforms to European safety and emissions, we must also adapt its mechanical diesel Euro IV standards. Saavedra expects this to occur throughout 2007, when Dong Motors will begin its activities.

MG Rover brand, has been a joy to present three innovative sports: the ZR, ZS and ZT, some models made with care and dedication, attention to detail and mechanics to the maximum, resulting in a final product worthy of praise. Fresh air for a market as lacking in cutting sports news. Based on the series 25, 45 and 75, Rover, MG has developed three unique cars that have nothing to do, except body with the above. We have worked extensively in the engine, suspension, brakes, chassis and aerodynamic . The result: three high performance sports .

ZR: small but useful.


The so-called ZR version is based on the Rover 25, with two petrol engines of of 1.4 liters and 103 horses of power , and 1.8 liters and 160 hp the most powerful, and 2.0 liters of 101 Diesel CV. This model should be noted the excellent suspension and brakes and, in the case of 160 hp, the superb performance of this engine. The price of this version will be around three million pesetas. The equipment includes ABS and EBD, air conditioning, central locking with remote control, electric windows, front airbags and a countless number of small details.



ZS: the jewel in the crown.


At 45, Rover, MG ZS has called and is, in our view, and so far, the jewel in the crown. A car well balanced, high performance, fast, stable, spacious and very comfortable. In Spain KV6 marketed as 177 hp engine, a magnificent six-cylinder unit known for its smooth operation and no noise. The most important work done in this saloon has focused on the chassis and suspension, leaving a final product of many carats, both for their behavior, for their nobility. The interior of the ZS is so complete and equipped as his younger brother, the ZR, and prominent rear spoiler is not a concession to aesthetics but to the need. The 17-inch wheels and huge brake discs are just a small sample of what this beast can provide for only 3,700,000 pesetas.



ZT: the older brother.


Regarding the flagship of the Rover brand, 75, and the MG ZT has been called, is presented with the same six-cylinder engine with 45 until the engineers of the British brand clarification on what will eventually equip the V8 engine. For now, it has been installed under the hood KV6 the above with a power of 190 hp and a chassis that has been developed to withstand ratings up 500 hp. So with so 'little' horse, the car goes on, showing surprisingly quick and agile, thanks to the impressive suspension, very well calibrated.



The interior follows the criteria of luxury, safety, quality and comfort of the Rover 75 and the price that will be sold in the English market will be of 5,500,000 pesetas. By spring of next year will the V8 with an output of 260 hp and at the end of 2002 will present a monster 380 hp and imposing appearance. The truth is that GM has pleasantly surprised us with his new job, putting on the market three sports at the highest level for any type of need use, from the young to enjoy sports driving, past the young couples in need of space, until the driver who wants to combine luxury, comfort and sportiness at very reasonable prices.



This post is reinforced by two important facts:

http://www.supermotor.com/revista/pruebas/2001/08/201120.html

http://motor.periodistadigital. com / noticia.php? id = 3196




Pablo Ramírez Torrejón (PD)

90 Degree Angle Curtian Rod

Toyota Cars ecological. A greener road. Seven

If you want to continue learning more about hybrid technology. You can do the following link. http://www.toyota.es/cars/new_cars/Prius/index.asp Toyota has played an important role in the development of Green Cars. With global sales of 300,000 units, the Toyota Prius is the first environmentally friendly car that really is a genuine reduction of the impact of cars on the road. However, driving a green car that does not mean sacrificing comfort, practicality and driving pleasure. The Hybrid Synergy Drive ® (HSD), mounted on the Prius has a zero-emission electric motor for city traffic and a lively petrol engine VVT-i that is triggered when necessary: \u200b\u200bfor example, to charge the batteries, delivering more power in passing or maintain a decent cruising speed of a highway.



How do you know that the world is ready for a new idea? Ready to change your thinking? "The way it works? Does the way you live? The answer is not known. You can not tell.


What matters is to have someone with the initiative to conceive. The will to run and courage to carry it forward.


Some talk about it. Some studied. Some may even try to fight it. But in the meantime, Toyota is manufacturing. Crafted from a surprisingly practical so that you can not deny.


This is not an idea that is ahead of his time is an idea whose time has come.

Pablo Ramírez Torrejón (PD)

How To Rid Underarm Bacterials

measures applicable to Transantiago in 90 days and is called "Just in Time."

No case. The flagship project of urban transport in the capital fails to go smoothly. The new system is due to begin on October 22, but multiple delays imposed otherwise.




postpones final phase of Transantiago FULL SYSTEM OPERATION WAS POSTPONED TO FEBRUARY 10, 2007. Suffered a new setback Transantiago Plan. Transport Minister Sergio Espejo, yesterday announced the postponement of the start of the stage of regime-phase system that the project should be full and complete performance-for the February 10, 2007, ie nearly four months after its original date, scheduled for 22 October this year 2006.



Transantiago My contribution on the solution is a response of 90 days of start-up and this solution is called "Just in Time" y los cambios son bruscos, radicales con un buen aporte a la calidad de vida de las personas del gran Santiago, y terminamos con gran parte con la contaminación ambiental y Atmosférica del gran Santiago y las comunas aledañas. También desentivar el uso del automóvil y producimos grandes ahorros energéticos para el país y este plan puede ser aplicado a todo el país.




“Justo a Tiempo”



1- Los buses articulados o concuna deben circular solo por anillo Américo Vespucio y solo deben bajar en los enlaces de entrada a cada comuna y dejar los pasajeros tomados en estos enlaces en ambos sentidos, con su velocidad constante of 60 miles hour, these buses should never run into each other.




2 - When passengers leave the articulated buses on the outputs of Amerigo Vespucci ring must always be a bus transfer smaller circulation by the community and allow these passengers to the nearest station network Metro.



3 - Passenger Terminals North and South of the country should be out of downtown Santiago the North Terminal should be on Route 5 North or South adjacent to the ring Amerigo Vespucci, linked with an international money transfer network modal where there is a variety of passenger transportation, where it can choose its means of transport, these terminals should operate 24 hours a day.



4 - Route 68 in the ring Américo Vespucio takes another intermodal terminal where passengers also have the option to choose their means of transport, this terminal must run 24 hours a day.




5 - With this idea of \u200b\u200binter-modal transfer, we suggest Metro network with a line joining these terminals for transfer, both on Route 5 North and 5 South, Airport and Route 68.




6 - If meter is not to integrate on operating costs or lines established, we can suggest to the railway company EFE and raise once a railway network to the north, Fifth Region and the Andes.



7 - So we can leave a passenger network to all connected all possible services, Planes, Trains, Metro, Buses, minibuses, taxis, Radio Taxis and private cars 24 hours a day and a great energy savings for the country and quality of life for all passengers and users of transport and we can finally use a smart card where we pay once a month like a credit card, use deferred values both passenger type and time of use.




Pablo Ramírez Torrejón (PD)

Best Receiver Mid-range

This blog is participating in World Day of the Internet.

Madrid April 26, 2006. The Internet Day Promotion Committee in collaboration with key service providers IRC Hispanic, Junta de Extremadura, Microsoft, Terra, Wanadoo, Yahoo and Ya.com, today launched the initiative "Give Internet", with the aim of bringing Network to the most disconnected, implying it to the people in your immediate environment. Thus, a user "gives" an account of email, chat or blog, and records data on a gift card that you can customize and print to give it the recipient, with all the information needed to use that resource in any of the providers who have joined the campaign, but are simple for the donor operation has no cost.



A beneficiary who receives the gift can connect to the Internet and be helped in their first steps on the internet from any of the 4,500 call centers throughout the country: "One of the aims of the Network Day is closer to groups not connected with messages from the vicinity, and this campaign is an example of this philosophy: a gift to say something important to a person close to "resume Miguel Pérez Subías, President of the Association of Internet Users (AUI), one of the promoters of the initiative.



II Internet Day Awards



addition, the Committee to Promote Internet Day today announced the 10 finalist candidates for each of the 7 categories of the awards. The "TOP 10" in each category competing for new votes in this last phase, to the 10th of May, in which three candidates will be chosen by category, to be with the award on 17 May. At this stage also count the votes cast by users on the network, both from the Web www.diadeinternet.org and from each of the pages of candidates and the vote of each member of the Support Committee, weighted with a weight of one third and two thirds respectively.



In selecting these 10 finalists will have evaluated the votes received by April 15 and the valuation of the 36 members of the Support Committee, bearing in mind that the purpose of these awards is the recognition of effort individuals and institutions in relation to the objectives of the event: promoting digital citizenship, awareness of the opportunities provided by the network, and reducing the digital divide with special attention to the most disconnected. The 10 highest ranked candidates in each of the seven categories are:



C1-Best Day event at:


opt for this award all organizations, companies and individuals to promote events registered Internet Day Web http://www.diadeinternet.org/



C1 .- Internet Day 2006 Best Event



Bid
Organization
AUPEX - Technology Literacy Plan and Free Software in Extremadura PODCASTS INTERNET DAY.

city of Puertollano Presentation



new email PUERTOLLANO.ES Banesto FREE transfers during the week COITT Encuentro ICT, Internet and e-la Caixa Disability Social Work Activities of "la Caixa" Foundation Liter Caja de Burgos Caja de Burgos @ ria Telefónica Wi-Fi Spain's Generalitat de Catalunya FREE FesInternet 2006, the Internet is easy, it's useful! Government of the Principality of Asturias La Noche de Internet



SOUTHERN ASSOCIATION OF COUNTRYSIDE SERVICES NETWORK ASSOCIATES



C2-Better Education initiative for Internet Day:



are open to all organizations working with Schools and Centres themselves, both public and private, primary and secondary schools, colleges, training centers, institutes, universities and others. that have developed over the past year some noteworthy initiative for the use of new technologies in their environment and have a website which explains the initiative.




C3-Website with improved accessibility:



businesses and governments of any rank (local, regional or national) have been developed and integrated active and accessibility noteworthy in their Web pages. The Committee Impulse may propose pages as exemplary in the implementation of accessibility criteria.




C4-Best initiative to reduce the digital divide:



These initiatives can be activities, plans for communication, digital literacy, advertising, social programs ..., made by companies, organizations and or government.



C5-Best Digital Journalist:



This category may attend those journalists who have contributed their work to the development and communication of the values \u200b\u200bof the Internet and the Information Society in the media in both traditional and electronic.




C6-Internet and I:


this category may be submitted to any person, company or organization that has a Web page and in your opinion is useful for the development of Internet in China.



C7-Best Personal Weblog:


This category can sign up people to develop digital content having personal Weblogs to content published prior to June 1, 2005. The winner of this award will participate as a speaker on May 24 at the round table organized by Casa de America to discuss the phenomenon of blogs.



C7. personal weblog "Better Web Application



Accessibility, Usability and Web Standards
http://accesibilidadweb.blogspot.com/


Adriano Morán
http Conesa : / / diariodeunjabali.com /


Blog Jacques Bulchand
http://jacquesbulchand.blogspot.com/


Prader-Willi Blog
http://amspw.blogia Madrid. com /


Driver Education, Transportation and Logistics
http://pabloramireztorrejon.blogspot.com/


Hislibris. History books, history books.
http://www.hislibris.com/


K-Government Blog
http://www.k-government.blogspot.com/


Rotary House
http://www.lacasagiratoria.com/


Madrid Sex
http://www.bierzoblog.com/sexoenmadrid
Life
Professor

http://vidadeprofesor.blogia . com /



The three finalists in each category will be announced on May 10, when ending the online voting. The delivery of the seven awards will be held for a corporate event to be held on 17 May.





More information:


Press Office
prensa@diadeinternet.org Internet Day
+34 91 302 42 59
www.diadeinternet.org / press



Pablo Ramírez Torrejón (AC)

My Period Is Watery And Mucousy

Road Safety is Everyone's Responsibility.

Road safety is everyone's responsibility. The public authorities must take responsibility for creating a rule that unifies behavior patterns, which has the capacity to adapt to what is a reality in flux and is known and understood by all citizens. In this context, there should be an appropriate Traffic agency to enforce such laws, contributing to their daily work to ensure safe driving through compliance with current regulations, thus avoiding the main risks surrounding the movement. But it is also the responsibility of citizens to assume the need to respect the rules, have a precise knowledge of risk factors affecting traffic, acting on a solid and responsible driver education. Together, we can achieve a safer traffic.



To this end, the government, Ministry of Transport, Education, Carabineros de Chile and the traffic departments of the municipalities must , offer a simple and varied set of suggestions that, under the generic title of "One Hundred tips of road safety, seeking to explain the basics of the safety of drivers, passengers and pedestrians in a clear, comprehensive, simple and direct. Of all the safety precautions that this book offers undoubtedly active preventive measures are most important for the safety of passengers and pedestrians. In this sense, this issue suggest, for example, how to protect the occupants of the vehicle or how to prevent harm to others.



I am convinced that a mere cursory reading of the various tips in this manual would be sufficient to reduce a significant percentage of the number of accidents, thereby reducing many tragic situations for families and society. Moreover, some recommendations for vehicle maintenance or care wing that drivers should pay to weather conditions, will undoubtedly help, to significantly increase security for all. I am able to ensure that this simple manual will be useful not only for drivers but for everyone interested in fighting this great drama are traffic accidents. I have no doubt that parents and educators of children and young people will find this edition a valuable tool that helps them to remember some simple but very important field of road safety.


Finally, I would like to make clear that this series of observations we do not address all aspects of security and protection , only permanent foster a culture of prevention, to avoid unnecessary damage and makes us feel more safe and secure.

ROAD LEADS TO OUR DESTINY.



If we move on with caution . Remember that prudence is necessary in the conduct and never more happy if we reach our destination. Patience on the road, avoid distractions, be careful additions to other routes, even when you have a preference, maintaining an adequate safety distance, and be careful at the crossing of the small towns, will always be a guarantee of safety.



"Education and road safety can save lives"


Reducing accidents on the road requires awareness of the whole society, especially young people.


Should we create an organization for young people about road safety education?


At this time of summer, we saw the high accident rate and poor youth experiences of civil society participation in the prevention of traffic accidents, I think with all the friends of motorists can create a good Dissemination of Safety and Driver Education of our youth and children.


what purpose can work on this subject?


must focus on bringing the whole of society the importance of education and road safety to prevent accidents. Awareness of these issues is necessary, especially because it can save lives. Is fully demonstrated that the majority of accidents could have been avoided. Therefore, it is very important that people know why accidents occur, what are the risk factors and, above all, what can be done to avoid them.


Do young people most need to know more about road safety education?


Yes, for many reasons. The most important because it affects them fully. Unfortunately, many young people who know someone else who has had an accident.

What would it take to reduce accidents at the wheel?


Something as hard as collaboration and joint work of the whole society. We want people to mobilize on this subject and become something that everyone is willing to devote effort and commitment, from public institutions, providing the infrastructure, training and information necessary to the very citizens who unselfishly contributes its bit to behave in a respectful and tolerant in the road environment.


"The tightening of sanctions would be another measure?


These actions are effective, but only in the short term and the cost of overexertion, as far as policing is concerned, that no government can sustain. In addition, we must also take into account the negative effect caused on the city, just to see these measures as unfair and punitive. Should unite and coordinate all actions to cope with something that affects us all equally.


What activities should take to have a good road safety education?


should be road safety campaigns through leaflets, posters, stickers, shirts, conferences, you have to be a partner in other conferences and road safety education, conducted in different cities, and even we must participate international meetings where they could exchange experiences with other associations worldwide.


What activities aimed at young people?


Most activities are aimed at young people in each city, as Green Volunteers, a road safety course in driving Bike, are leisure activities for Friday and Saturday nights.


What projects can take up to 2006?


must organize various awareness campaigns on helmet use and also about drinking and driving issue. On the other hand, look for an implementation of a new driving license for youth to stop relying on their parents. "

Pablo Ramírez Torrejón (AC).

Double Bars (windows Curtain

simulator drivers looking for better urban transport

Traffic Act still requires the use of such equipment to get licencia.Cuando operating a vehicle often life gives one chance to fail. However, in a simulator are many opportunities that exist, and which can be exploited to learn. That's why the bus driving simulator, truck, train or subway, which opened yesterday at the University of Santiago (Usach) can cause a major revolution in the future training of professional drivers of such vehicles.

Department of Mechanics and the English company Usach Lander-Simulation and Training Solutions, Inc. developed the software and cockpit for the drivers can train many hours driving before taking the actual vehicle. Undersecretary Transport, Danilo Nunez, said currently the Traffic Act says nothing about an obligation to take a certain number of hours in a driving simulator to qualify for professional driver's license.


"At the moment, the only thing is regulated with regard to different driving courses. To the extent that this type of simulation is taken by the academic world, as in this case, the technology gradually it is adding to the regulations of the country, "he said. The team had a cost of $ 1,500,000 and the Usach charged $ 3 per hour of training, either as truck, bus, train or metro. The addition of over estos equipos a la Usach dependerá fundamentalmente del número de personas y de empresas interesadas en utilizarlo.


El presidente de la Federación Nacional de Buses (Fenabus), Marcos Carter, dijo que durante el gobierno del Presidente Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle ya plantearon la necesidad de tener este simulador. "Viajamos en esa época a Francia a conocer los que utilizaban para la preparación de los chóferes. Este equipo es fundamental en la formación de los verdaderos conductores profesionales". El jefe de Operaciones de Metro, Jaime Adasme, dijo que en las noches preparan a sus conductores y que este año definirán si el tema lo hacen con una universidad o con tecnologías vistas en otros países.

As pilots.

sector Authorities believe that the ideal is that in the future, the Traffic Law requires that each year the driver is examined on this computer. Commercial pilots must be mandatory for flight simulators every 6 months. If you are disapproved, some airlines are fired immediately.

TRAINING

Depending on the demand for transport companies, the Usach see if it incorporates other simulators.


This is a contribution of: RODRIGO CERDA Q. Pablo Ramírez Torrejón

(AC).

Marble Tile For Sale Online

"Rays of Hope" to transition from a world without oil.

This text was written 30 years ago, as a preface to the book "Rays of Hope" to transition from a world without oil by Denis Hayes.


Just half a generation separates us from the moment that will result in world oil production, after which begin the inevitable decline that remains the main source of commercial energy available to humanity.


When oil production begins to wane, are still in circulation some of the cars sold in those days. The transition to a world of depleted oil reserves is now an imminent reality, and may be painful to not be ready to ella.No it comes to deciding whether or not we will make that change, since it is inevitable. All that should be discussed is whether it will be soft, as a result of careful planning and serious preparation, or simply chaotic, period of constant aggravation of endless political and economic crisis.


Very few world leaders, if any, that have a clear picture of the landscape that will provide their respective countries in a world without oil. Although we would leave the future task of adapting to the new situation, the story will prevent it. She has entrusted to our generation's responsibility to plan and make that transition.



The curve for the existence U.S. oil can be used as a global prototype because it highlights the inevitability of decline. After several decades of growth, oil production in the U.S. reached its peak in 1970, and since then has declined from year to year. It is predicted that by 1990 or shortly afterwards will be a global oil depletion, but with one important difference: while the U.S. was able to use other oil producing countries to balance the deficit, the world will now be able to do so. The awareness that one day could not have oil urgently claimed not long ago, it was believed that nuclear energy would eventually be able to fill any gaps.


However, the nuclear dream is beginning to fade in view of atomic energy in turn generates new economic, political and ecological. This book seeks to address some of the steps inexcusable on energy conservation and improvement of some of the alternative sources.


the energy problem is studied within a global perspective, for example, that the fuelwood crisis in countries developing joins the waste of energy that make the rich countries that have excessive number of cars to match everyone in the world oil market. At this time humanity is facing one of the most decisive showdowns in modern history and is very little time left to prepare. The inevitable transition is primarily technological, but it also promises to completely reshape our economic system and our social structures.


This Denis Hayes analysis suggests that if the world becomes highly dependent on renewable sources of energy will be very different from what we know today. As reinforces the importance of solar energy, both directly and indirectly, increases the certainty that it will affect the population distribution between urban and rural areas, and possibly decide on the final settlements in accordance with planet provides capacity for sustenance. Rays of Hope is an initial effort aimed at exploring how it will be the world after the oil age and how they will travel the way to him. The brunt of this book lies in its perspective, both historically and globally. Denis Hayes is contributing to the personalities that drive public opinion and decision makers at all levels, warn that the energy issue will become energy crisis is not immediately adopted appropriate measures.



This book is part of a broader effort by the Worldwatch Institute to identify the most pressing problems of mankind and lead them to world attention. Of course, the transition to a world devoid of oil has to occupy a central place in the list of puzzles to solve.



This is a contribution of: Lester R. Bronwen, Worldwatch Institute.



Pablo Ramírez Torrejón (PD).